胰蛋白酶
快速浏览
为何检测？
通过评价胰腺功能来筛查囊性纤维化和胰腺机能不全。
何时检测？
如果您、您的新生儿或婴儿有胰腺机能不全或囊性纤维化的症状如持续性腹泻\大块恶臭油脂样粪便\营养不良和维生素缺乏。
何种样本？
新鲜的、未受尿液污染的粪便。
检测样本
检测什么？
胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶是蛋白水解酶。它们负责在小肠内水解蛋白。通常，它们的前体（无活性形式：胰蛋白酶原和糜蛋白酶原）在胰腺中生成并在小肠内运输。在小肠内，胰蛋白酶原被肠黏膜中的酶活化成胰蛋白酶，然后胰蛋白酶将糜蛋白酶原活化成为糜蛋白酶。它们一起产生强效化学成分使食物中的蛋白分解成小片段的肽。胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶在胰腺功能正常情况下可在小肠和粪便中被检测到。在囊性纤维化病人中，宫颈粘液塞能阻断胰腺导管，阻断胰蛋白酶原和糜蛋白酶原进入小肠。宫颈粘液塞同样能阻断肺内的小气道，使人容易得呼吸道感染和慢性肺病。囊性纤维化的呼吸性并发症对患者是致命的。
在胰腺功能异常（组织损伤或阻塞）的个体中，可能出现胰腺管堵塞或生成胰蛋白酶原和糜蛋白酶原的细胞遭到损伤或破坏。这在慢性胰腺炎和胰腺癌中常见；这种细胞损伤能引起胰脏机能不全，导致没有足够的酶类输送到小肠来消化食物。
测试样本如何采集？
收集新鲜的、无尿液污染的粪便。如果患者是是婴儿，采用带粘边的尿液收集袋紧贴婴儿的皮肤防止粪便外露以及采用内衬塑料的尿布用来保持粪便中无尿液和避免粪便浸透到尿布中去。
是否需要进行任何试验前准备以保证样本的质量？
不需要。
试验
常见问题
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参考文献
注意：本文是在此处引用的参考文献和医学检验项目在线介绍编辑审核委员会全体成员的经验和研究结果的基础上总结而成。本文由编辑委员会定期审核、更新。任何新引用的文献都会添加到列表中，并且会与原有的参考文献区分开。
Sources Used in Current Review
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Wu, A. (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri. 1088-1091.
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Denise I. Quigley, PhD, FACMG. Co-Director Cytogenetics/Molecular Genetics, Airport Way Regional Laboratory, Portland, OR.
Peter Jacky, PhD, FACMG. Director of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Airport Way Regional Laboratory, Portland, OR.
Sources Used in Previous Reviews
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