苯巴比妥

该试验检测血液中苯巴比妥的药物浓度。苯巴比妥是一种巴比妥酸盐，具有极高成瘾性，是一种抑制神经系统的镇静剂。医生常以苯巴比妥用于治疗癫痫发作或减轻焦虑症状。由于苯巴比妥能够稳定大脑的电活动所以经常被用来治疗癫痫或其他疾病的发作。

医生通过监测您对苯巴比妥的反应确定您达到所需的血药水平，同时确定您个人的最佳药物浓度。监测也能帮助医生确定您血液循环中的药物浓度未达到毒性程度。开始服药时医生可能会要求检测药物浓度，以及在治疗过程的任何时候，也会要求进行其检测，以明确该剂量是否对您合适。如果您开始同时服用其他的药物，您的医生或许也会检测您的苯巴比妥浓度，因为一些普通药物也会影响您的身体对苯巴比妥的反应。以下药物会对苯巴比妥样产生影响：

• 口服抗凝药如华法林
• 抗抑郁药和三环类抗抑郁药，包括单胺氧化酶抑制剂类抗抑郁药
• 中枢神经系统抑制剂，镇静剂，安眠药和苯二氮卓类药物
• 抗组胺类药物
• 酒精
• 口服避孕药
• 皮质激素如强的松
• 用于治疗细菌感染的去氧土霉素
• 用于治疗真菌感染的灰黄霉素
• 苯妥英，另一种治疗癫痫发作的药物

将血液中苯巴比妥的浓度维持在稳定的治疗范围内是重要的。如果药物浓度太低，您可能会出现癫痫发作或焦虑症。假如药物浓度太高，您可能会出现副作用甚至中毒。

但是维持恒定的苯巴比妥治疗的血药浓度是非常困难的。苯巴比妥是通过肝脏中的酶进行代谢的，并以不同的速率经尿液被清除，其清除率依赖于年龄和身体的健康状况。药物在体内的清除经历数天到数周不等，这依赖于剂量，年龄和健康状态。一旦身体清除苯巴比妥的能力达到极限时，稍微增加药物剂量会导致血药浓度大幅度增加。其副作用会更加严重，甚至可能出现中毒。

采用静脉收集血样。

测试准备是不需要的。

疾病: 癫痫

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