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黄体生成素


正式名称: 黄体生成素
相关试验: 卵泡刺激素, 睾酮, 孕酮, 雌二醇, 总雌激素

快速浏览

为何检测?

为了评估垂体功能,尤其是生育问题。

何时检测?

当难以怀孕或月经周期不规则时;当医生认为出现垂体或下丘脑疾病症状、卵巢或睾丸疾病症状时;当医生怀疑孩子性早熟或青春期延迟时需要检测LH。

何种样本?

采集手臂静脉血,有时为随机尿或24小时尿液标本。

检测样本

检测什么?

黄体生成素( LH )由大脑垂体产生,其水平受性腺(卵巢或睾丸)、垂体和下丘脑的综合调节。 

        女性的月经周期分为卵泡期和黄体期两个阶段。通过卵泡刺激素(FSH)和LH水平的急速上升,推动卵泡期进入黄体期。月经周期的中间段出现高水平的LH(和FSH)能促进排卵。LH还能刺激卵巢产生类固醇激素(主要为雌二醇)。雌二醇和其他类固醇激素可帮助垂体调节LH的生成。绝经期时卵巢没有生理功能,此时LH水平上升。 

        对男性而言,LH能刺激睾丸间质细胞产生睾酮。青春期后男性LH水平相对恒定。睾酮对垂体和下丘脑分泌LH起负反馈作用,调节LH的分泌量。 

        对婴儿和儿童而言,婴儿出生不久后LH水平会上升,随即再降到很低的水平(男孩出现在6个月;女孩出现在1-2岁)。青春期开始前和第二性征出现前(6-8岁时)LH水平会再次升高。

测试样本如何采集?

采集手臂静脉血,有时为随机尿。收集24小时尿液标本可检测LH在24小时内的分泌量。LH的分泌在一天内具有间歇性,使用24小时尿液标本可大大消除这一问题的影响。而随机尿标本可能并不能完全代表LH的真实活动。

是否需要进行任何试验前准备以保证样本的质量?

无需特殊检测准备。

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参考文献

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注意:本文是在此处引用的参考文献和医学检验项目在线介绍编辑审核委员会全体成员的经验和研究结果的基础上总结而成。本文由编辑委员会定期审核、更新。任何新引用的文献都会添加到列表中,并且会与原有的参考文献区分开。

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