促红细胞生成素
快速浏览
为何检测?
判断贫血类型及估计治疗贫血所需促红细胞生成素(EPO)的量。
何时检测?
当医生怀疑贫血是由于红细胞生成障碍而导致时,需要进行检测;有时也可因为红细胞生成过多而进行检测。
何种样本?
采自肘静脉的血液样本。
检测样本
检测什么?
本实验检测的是血液中EPO的含量,EPO是一种由肾脏产生的激素,低氧环境可刺激EPO的产生及释放。EPO被运输到骨髓,刺激造血干细胞分化形成红细胞(RBCs),RBCs内含有血红蛋白,其主要功能是在体内运输O2。正常红细胞形状相同,大小均一,平均寿命约为120天。
机体内的调控系统可维持红细胞数量的相对稳定。红细胞生成减少、失血引起的红细胞丢失、形状大小异常等原因引起的红细胞破坏增加(溶血),都可导致贫血,从而使红细胞运输氧的能力下降。红细胞的正常含量依赖于骨髓的功能、铁及维生素B12和叶酸等营养物质的供应、EPO的正常含量以及骨髓对EPO的正常反应。
EPO的释放量由缺氧程度和肾脏生成EPO的能力决定,其在体内发挥作用后,通过尿液排出体外。EPO的生成和释放将持续到血中的氧含量恢复正常或接近正常才会停止。如果肾脏受到损伤导致不能生成足够的EPO,或骨髓对于EPO的刺激没有反应,则会造成骨髓造血功能失调,从而导致贫血。
若由于肾脏的良恶性肿瘤或其他癌症,使得EPO生成过多,则会造成红细胞增多,血细胞比容增大,血液粘性增加,从而导致高血压。
测试样本如何采集?
自肘静脉采集血液样本。
是否需要进行任何试验前准备以保证样本的质量?
不需要做任何实验前准备。
试验
常见问题
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参考文献
注意:本文是在此处引用的参考文献和医学检验项目在线介绍编辑审核委员会全体成员的经验和研究结果的基础上总结而成。本文由编辑委员会定期审核、更新。任何新引用的文献都会添加到列表中,并且会与原有的参考文献区分开。
Sources Used in Current Review
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Sources Used in Previous Reviews
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Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.
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