D二聚体
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为何检测?
为了诊断或排除血栓(血液凝固产物)性疾病和症状。
何时检测?
当您患有可导致急性和/或慢性血液凝固异常的疾病时,例如深静脉血栓 (DVT)、肺栓塞(PE)、或弥散性血管内凝血(DIC);以及为了监测DIC和其他血栓性疾病的治疗疗效时。
何种样本?
采自肘静脉的血液标本,或者有时指尖针刺取末梢血( 从指尖取得血液样品)。
检测样本
检测什么?
当静脉或动脉受伤后就会有血液渗出,体内一系列的凝血步骤和各种因子被激活(称为凝血瀑布)以限制出血并生成血凝块堵住破损的缺口。在此过程中,生成细丝状的蛋白成为纤维蛋白,这些细丝相互交联(粘在一起)形成纤维蛋白网以固定血小板,并有助于在伤口处固定所形成的血凝块。
一旦受损区域开始愈合,一种称为纤溶酶的蛋白,将凝块(血栓)破碎为小片以便排除,凝块中裂解的纤维蛋白碎片被称为纤维蛋白降解产物 (FDP),FDP中的一个产物就是D-二聚体,它由不同大小的纤维蛋白交联片断组成。通常D-二聚体在血液中检测不到,只有在血栓形成并正在破碎过程中才能产生,检测D-二聚体可以让您的医生知道有些物质升高,已经超出了正常人体凝血机制水平。
测试样本如何采集?
通常是从肘静脉采集血液样本,作为替代方法,特别是对儿童,可从手指尖取末梢血。
试验
常见问题
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参考文献
注意:本文是在此处引用的参考文献和医学检验项目在线介绍编辑审核委员会全体成员的经验和研究结果的基础上总结而成。本文由编辑委员会定期审核、更新。任何新引用的文献都会添加到列表中,并且会与原有的参考文献区分开。
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