心磷脂抗体

这项检查检测心磷脂抗体的三种表现形式（IgG、IgM和IgA）。这些抗体是由机体免疫系统对所受威胁发生反应时产生的，是抗磷脂抗体最具代表性的。获得性自身抗体影响机体调节血液凝固过程的机制尚未完全清楚。

        心磷脂以及其他相关磷脂，是常见于细胞膜和血小板的脂质分子。在血液凝固过程中扮演重要角色。当心磷脂抗体产生时，它们增加患者动静脉血栓反复发作的危险性。心磷脂抗体与血小板减少症、反复自发性流产（特别实在妊娠中晚期）、早产和子痫前期密切相关。

        心磷脂抗体和狼疮抗凝物等抗磷脂抗体在系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）等自身免疫疾病中常为阳性。心磷脂抗体也可一过性存在于急性感染、HIV/AIDS、某些恶性肿瘤、药物治疗（例如苯妥英、盘尼西林和普鲁卡因）以及部分无症状老年人中。

        当患者出现血栓形成、反复自发性流产、血小板减低、心磷脂抗体阳性和/或其他抗磷脂抗体阳性时，可诊断为抗磷脂综合症（APS）。APS可在初期即存在已确诊的自身免疫疾病，而不是潜在或继发自身免疫疾病。

自肘静脉采集血液样本。

不需要任何试验前准备。

疾病: 高凝疾病

The Lupus Foundation of America: Antiphospholipid Antibodies
March of Dimes: The Thrombophilias and Pregnancy
APS Foundation of America
National Human Genome Research Institute: Learning About Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)

Sources Used in Current Review

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (© 2007). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 8th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 70-71.

Wu, A. (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri. Pp 134-135.

(2006 October 15, Revised). Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome. APS Foundation of America. Available online at http://www.apsfa.org/aps.htm. Accessed on 4/20/08.

(2008 February 5, Reviewed). Learning About Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). National Human Genome Research Institute. Available online at http://www.genome.gov/17516396. Accessed on 4/20/08.

Sources Used in Previous Reviews

Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pages 69-70.

(2001 June 26). Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome. Hematology Resource Page, Patient Resources University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign, Carle Cancer Center. Available online at http://www-admin.med.uiuc.edu/hematology/PtAPS.htm through http://www-admin.med.uiuc.edu.

(© 2004). Antiphospholipid Testing. ARUP's Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing. Available online at http://www.arup-lab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_al67.jsp#3965115 through http://www.arup-lab.com.

Petri, M. (2001). Antiphospholipid Antibodies: Anticardiolipin Antibodies and the Lupus Anticoagulant in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. The Lupus Foundation of America. Available online at http://www.lupus.org/education/brochures/antiphos02.html through http://www.lupus.org.

(© 2004). Cardiolipin Antibodies, IgG and IgM. ARUP's Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing. Available online at http://www.arup-lab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_a133.jsp#1059158 through http://www.arup-lab.com.

The Thrombophilias and Pregnancy. March of Dimes, Professionals and Researchers, Quick References and Fact Sheets. Available online at http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/681_9264.asp through http://www.marchofdimes.com.

(2003 September, Modified) Anticardiolipin antibodies (IgG, IgM, IgA). Clinical Coagulation Laboratory Coagulation Test Descriptions. Available online at http://pathology.mc.duke.edu/coag/TestDes.htm through http://pathology.mc.duke.edu.

Carsons, S. et. al. (2004 August 18, Updated). Antiphospholipid Syndrome. EMedicine. Available online at http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2923.htm through http://www.emedicine.com.

Arnout J.IS TH Scienti•c Standardisation Subcommittee Lupus Anticoagulants/Phospholipid dependent antibodies. International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Boston. July 2002.