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抗平滑肌抗体


又名: SMA; 抗平滑肌抗体; ASMA; F-肌动蛋白抗体抗体; ACTA
正式名称: 平滑肌抗体

快速浏览

为何检测?

用于自身免疫性肝炎诊断和鉴别诊断。

何时检测?

当医生怀疑患者患有自身免疫性肝炎时,应当进行该检测。

何种样本?

采自肘静脉的血液样本。

是否需要作试验前准备?

不需要。

检测样本

检测什么?

该试验检测的是血液中的抗平滑肌抗体(ASMA)的含量。该抗体是机体免疫系统针对自身细胞骨架蛋白而产生的,其与慢性自身免疫性肝炎高度相关,但其它肝病或自身免疫性疾病如特发性胆汁性肝硬化的患者血中也可检测到ASMA。自身免疫性肝炎表现为急性或慢性肝脏炎症反应,其病因不是病毒感染、药物、中毒、遗传遗传或酗酒,可导致肝硬化(肝脏炎症及纤维化)、严重者可发生肝衰竭。

        自身免疫性肝炎可发生于任何年龄段,但80%的患者是女性。在美国,超过80%的自身免疫性肝炎患者ASMA阳性(伴或不伴ANA阳性)。抗肌动蛋白抗体以细胞骨架蛋白——肌动蛋白为靶点。有研究表明对于诊断自身免疫性肝病抗肌动蛋白抗体比ASMA的特异性更佳,约52%~85%的患者抗肌动蛋白抗体阳性。

测试样本如何采集?

自肘静脉采集血液样本。

是否需要进行任何试验前准备以保证样本的质量?

不需要任何试验前准备。

试验

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参考文献

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注意:本文是在此处引用的参考文献和医学检验项目在线介绍编辑审核委员会全体成员的经验和研究结果的基础上总结而成。本文由编辑委员会定期审核、更新。任何新引用的文献都会添加到列表中,并且会与原有的参考文献区分开。

Sources Used in Current Review

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (© 2007). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 8th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 96-97.

Clarke, W. and Dufour, D. R., Editors (© 2006). Contemporary Practice in Clinical Chemistry: AACC Press, Washington, DC. Pp 272.

Wu, A. (© 2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition: Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. Pp 990-991.

Lee, S. (Updated 2007 May 27). Anti-smooth muscle antibody. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003531.htm. Accessed 1/29/09.

(2008 April). Autoimmune Hepatitis. NDDIC [On-line information]. Available online at http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/autoimmunehep/ through http://digestive.niddk.nig.gov. Accessed 1/29/09.

Dugdale, D. (Updated 2008 November 2). Autoimmune liver disease panel. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003328.htm. Accessed 1/29/09.

Hill, H. et. al (Updated 2008 September). Hepatitis, Autoimmune – AIH. ARUP Consult [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.arupconsult.com/Topics/GastrointestinalDz/AIH.html# through http://www.arupconsult.com. Accessed 1/29/09.

Sources Used in Previous Reviews

Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 92-93.

Beuers, U. and Rust, C. (2005 October 27). Overlap Syndromes. Medscape, from Semin Liver Dis. 2005; 25(3): 311-320. [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/512463 through http://www.medscape.com.

Stone, C. (2004 November 10, Updated). Autoimmune liver disease panel. Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003328.htm.

Peng, S. (2005 April 20). Anti-smooth muscle antibody. Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003531.htm.

(© 2005). Smooth Muscle Antibody, IgG with Reflex to Titer. ARUP's Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.arup-lab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_203b.jsp#3219875 through http://www.arup-lab.com.

Strassburg, C. and Manns, M. (2003 January 9). Autoantibodies and Autoantigens in Autoimmune Hepatitis. Medscape from Semin Liver Dis 22(4): 339 -351, 2002 [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/445619 through http://www.medscape.com.

Czaja, A. and Freese, D. et. al. (2002 August). Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. National Guideline Clearinghouse [On-line information]. Available online through http://www.guideline.gov.

(© 2005). F-Actin (Smooth Muscle) IgG by Enzyme. ImmunoassayARUP's Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing [[On-line information]. Available online at http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_a254.jsp#5444091 through http://www.aruplab.com.

(© 2003). Actin (Smooth Muscle) Antibody. LabCorp [On-line test information]. Available online at http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/se018700.htm through http://www.labcorp.com.